What is included in Lactated Ringers solution?

Lactated Ringer's solution is a type of intravenous fluid that is designed to mimic the electrolyte composition of plasma. It is specifically formulated to provide not only hydration but also electrolytes that are crucial for physiological functions. The correct composition includes sodium chloride, sodium lactate, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride.

Sodium chloride provides essential sodium and chloride ions, which help maintain osmotic balance and proper hydration. Sodium lactate acts as a buffer to help maintain the body's acid-base balance and can be metabolized into bicarbonate, which is important for neutralizing acids in the system. Potassium chloride supplies potassium, a critical electrolyte for cell function and muscle contraction. Finally, calcium chloride adds calcium, which is vital for various bodily functions, including blood coagulation and nerve transmission.

This combination of ingredients in Lactated Ringer's solution makes it ideal for restoring electrolyte balance and treating dehydration in clinical settings, especially in patients who may have lost fluids through vomiting, diarrhea, or surgery. Other options listed do not provide the comprehensive electrolyte balance that Lactated Ringer's solution offers, making this formulation particularly suitable for specific medical needs.